The pavement structure design of the sidewalk shall follow the principle of adjusting measures to local conditions, making rational use of local materials and industrial waste residue, and considering the minimum thickness of construction. At present, the surface materials are mainly precast concrete pavement bricks, granite, imitation granite, etc. For general roads, precast concrete paving bricks and precast concrete curbs can be used as paving materials. The pavement of sidewalks near large stores, large public cultural institutions, scenic spots, parks, squares, and other roads in tourist areas should be coordinated with the surrounding environment and pay attention to beauty. Granite materials can be used.
Physical standard of sidewalk
The pavement surface of the sidewalk shall be flat, skid-resistant, wear-resistant, and beautiful.
Quality requirements for pavement of the sidewalk
1. The flatness standard of the sidewalk: the flatness deviation shall be small, and the height difference between the well cover and the sidewalk surface shall be small. The well cover on the road surface shall be level with the road surface and keep the same gradient.
2. Color difference standard of sidewalk: the pavement of the sidewalk slab shall be uniform in color, and the manhole cover shall be in the form of veneer.
3. Pavement and cutting standard of sidewalk: pavement materials of the sidewalk at the inspection well shall be cut orderly to strictly control construction quality.
Sidewalk pavement and cutting standard: the edge cutting of stone sidewalk pavement shall be regular, and the irregular parts shall be cut with the whole material.
4. The width standard of sidewalk joint: the longitudinal joint and transverse joint shall be straight after stone paving, with small deviation and joint width.
After the pavement of the sidewalk is completed, the pointing shall be arranged. After the initial setting of the mortar, the surplus mortar shall be removed with a soft broom. It shall be properly watered for curing, and finally, it shall be neat and beautiful. During the paving process, special personnel shall be assigned to constantly check the joint distance, straightness, evenness of width and evenness of the joint, and flatness of the pavement slab. If any uneven block is found, it shall be replaced in a timely manner.
To control the quality of sidewalks, we must start from many aspects:
The cross slope of the sidewalk should be a single slope with a cross slope of 1~2%. The cross slope of the sidewalk with permeable pavement shall be taken as the lower value. The sidewalk shall be connected with the adjacent structures in a straight line without a reverse slope. The surface of the stone shall be flat and rough, and the color, specification, and size shall meet the design requirements; The compressive strength of cement concrete precast sidewalk blocks shall meet the design requirements. If not specified in the design, it shall not be less than 30MPa. The surface of the block shall be flat, and rough, with clear grain and neat shuttle angle, without honeycomb, exposed stone, peeling, and other phenomena; The colored bricks shall be uniform in color.
Quality requirements for curbs
1. Standard for curb ramps: the materials for curbs at ramps shall be standardized.
2. Standard at the corner of the curb: at the end of the separator or at the small radius of the intersection, the curb should be made into a curved shape, consistent with the design turning radius.
3. Standard for straightness of curbs: curbs shall be straight with small deviation.
4. Standards for gap width and a top surface elevation difference of curbs: the gap width between curbs shall be small, and the top surface elevation difference shall be small.
5. Verticality standard of curbs: curbs shall have sufficient burial depth, proper back support, and tamped earth.
There are many reasons for this phenomenon: first, the road curb should have enough burial depth, if the depth is not enough, the curb will become unstable and inclined; Secondly, cement concrete support should be poured behind the curb. If the support is too small, the curb should be unstable and inclined; In addition, the fill behind the curb and below the foundation is not compacted, and the instability and inclination of the curb will also occur after differential settlement.
The quality of the curb shall be controlled from two aspects: design and construction:
The curb is used for the road central separator, roadside strip, and both sides of the roadway and sidewalk, and should be 10~20cm higher than the edge of the pavement. The linear curved section or steep section in the tunnel can be 25~40cm higher, and there should be enough burial depth to ensure stability. The width of the curb should be 10-15cm.
The curb should be vertical, the entrance and exit should be inclined or flat, and the shoulder should be flat. The curbs within the width of sidewalks and crosswalks should be made into inclined or flat types to facilitate the passage of children’s cars, wheelchairs, and the disabled. At the end of the separator or at the small radius of the intersection, the arc curb should be used.
Hard stone or cement concrete can be used as curb material. The strength of cement concrete should not be less than 30Mpa. Cement concrete should be poured behind the curb for support, and the soil should be tamped. The compacted width of returned soil shall not be less than 50cm, the height shall not be less than 15cm, and the compactness shall not be less than 90%.
The curbs should be grouted with M10 cement mortar. After joint grouting, curing at normal temperature shall not be less than 3 days. The control pile of the curb shall be installed, and the pile spacing of the straight section shall be 10~15m; The pile spacing in the curve section should be 5-10m; The pile spacing at the intersection should be 1-5m. Curbs shall be paved with dry and hard mortar, which shall be full and uniform in thickness. Curb masonry shall be stable, straight line section, smooth curve section, and even gap; The filling joint of the curb shall be dense, and the surface of the flat curb shall be smooth without blocking water.
Quality requirements for blind track
The position and direction of the blind lane set up on the sidewalk shall facilitate the visually impaired to walk safely and reach the barrier-free facilities smoothly. The blind road at the intersection shall be laid in barrier-free form. The thickness below the tactile part of the blind road surface shall be consistent with the sidewalk bricks. The blind road shall be continuous, and there shall be no obstacles such as poles, stay wires, trees, etc. Blind roads should be laid away from good covers.
Tree pool standard
The tree pool shall be beautiful and practical.
The general dimensions of tree pools are 1.0 × 1.5m、1.25 × 1.25m、1.5 × 1.5m。 The selection shall be determined on the premise of aesthetics.
The standard for street lamp posts and marker posts
The junction of street lamp posts, sign posts, etc. with the sidewalk shall be cut into regular circles, and the flange shall be buried below the pavement at the depth of the sidewalk. At the same time, the clearance height requirements of signboards shall not be lowered.
Before construction, technical personnel and construction management personnel shall be organized to carefully read the design documents, understand the design intent, identify the key points and difficulties of construction technology, and prepare a detailed construction plan that conforms to the actual situation. The three inspection systems of self-inspection, mutual inspection, and full-time inspection shall be strictly implemented during construction, and the internal supervision engineer shall exercise veto power. The raw materials shall be tested first, and they can be used only after the test is qualified and approved by the supervising engineer. Unqualified materials shall not be used.
During construction, various mix proportions and data must conform to the specifications and be approved by the supervising engineer before implementation. The quality responsibility system shall be implemented within the scope of the project department, and the responsibility shall be assigned to each person. Strict quality reward and punishment regulations shall be formulated. Do a good job of pre-job training for employees, improve their quality and enhance their quality awareness.
